![]() Once again, the Court ruled that schools can filter written expressions considered inconsistent with shared values of a civilized social order. In 1988, Hazelwood School District v Kuhlmeier brought a question of the freedom of the press to the Supreme Court. Frederick, established that schools could limit their students’ free speech, at least when preventing the promotion of illegal activities. In essence, a policy must have a non-religious purpose, not promote any particular set of beliefs, and not overly involve the government with religion. Kurtzman case, which pinpointed how to tell if the government is attempting to establish a religion. In 1971, the Court adopted the Lemon Test after the Lemon v. Supreme Court cases went on to clarify what rights the First Amendment guarantees. ![]() ![]() If something unjust occurs, citizens can speak up about it. This means nonviolent protest and any planning of it is legal. The rights to assemble and petition allows citizens to express discontent with their government. However, libel, or false information, is not protected under this clause. It ensures information coming from the media is uncensored, which allows people to express themselves through publication. The freedom of the press prevents the government from filtering information. It allows citizens to speak up without fear of punishment. It also creates a societal norm of religious tolerance.įreedom of speech is more tricky. The main purpose of this protection is to prohibit any religion from becoming the official US religion. The First Amendment establishes freedom of religion, speech, and press, as well as the right to assembly and petition.įreedom of religion ensures citizens can practice whatever faith they choose and freely express it. “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.” What Does It Mean? Recalling the tyranny under British rule, colonists designed the Bill of Rights, and the First Amendment, in particular, to safeguard people’s basic civil liberties. There was a huge concern that without written rights, the national government would obtain too much power and become oppressive. The First Amendment was passed along with nine others that together became known as the Bill of Rights in 1791.
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